How does one round a floating point number to a specified number of digits?
RustRust Problem Overview
How does one round a f64 floating point number in Rust to a specified number of digits?
Rust Solutions
Solution 1 - Rust
If you want this just for display purposes, use the formatting syntax built into println!()
. For example, to print a number rounded to 2 decimal places use the {:.2}
format specifier:
fn main() {
let x = 12.34567;
println!("{:.2}", x);
}
If you want to put the rounded number in a string, use the format!()
macro.
If you want to round a number and get the result back as another number, then multiply the number by the given power of 10, call round
, and divide by the same power, e.g. to round to 2 decimal places, use 102 = 100.
fn main() {
let x = 12.34567_f64;
let y = (x * 100.0).round() / 100.0;
println!("{:.5} {:.5}", x, y);
}
This prints 12.34567 12.35000
.
If the number of decimal places isn't known at compile time, one could use powi
to efficiently compute the relevant power.
Note that this will breakdown for very large numbers; specifically, numbers larger than std::f64::MAX / power
(where power
is the power of ten, e.g. 100 in the example above) will become infinity in the multiplication, and remain infinity after. However, f64
cannot represent any fractional places for numbers larger than 253 (i.e. they're always integers), so one can special case such large numbers to just return themselves.
Solution 2 - Rust
To add to @huon's great answer, if you want to round a floating point number for display purposes, but you don't know the precision at compile time, you can use the precision formatting syntax as follows:
fn main() {
let precision = 3;
let x = 12.34567;
println!("{:.1$}", x, precision); // prints 12.346 and works with `format!` as well
}
The documentation of std::fmt has more examples on the syntax.