Although it is not in the documentation, as of Laravel 5.3.7, the Notifications `mail` channel can work with `Mailable` objects in addition to the notification `MailMessage` objects.

Therefore, you can create all your emails as `Mailable` objects, and if you decide to send them via Notifications, you would just have your `toMail()` method return the `Mailable` objects you&#39;ve already made.

Yes, definitively, if each email layout is different, you should use Mailable

Mailable is the new way to send emails, easier than before. More customizable than Notifications.

Notification is very nice if you want to send a predefined layout in differents channel ( Mail, SMS, Slack, etc )

You can customize notifications layout, but having 1 layout by notification is going to get more difficult... it is just not the use case for notifications

I wanted to compare different to build a string in Python from different variables:

  * using `+` to concatenate (referred to as &#39;plus&#39;)
  * using `%`
  * using `&quot;&quot;.join(list)`
  * using `format` function
  * using `&quot;{0.&lt;attribute&gt;}&quot;.format(object)`

I compared for 3 types of scenari

 * string with 2 variables
 * string with 4 variables
 * string with 4 variables, each used twice

I measured 1 million operations of each time and performed an average over 6 measures. I came up with the following timings:

```none
           test_plus:   0.29480
        test_percent:   0.47540
           test_join:   0.56240
         test_format:   0.72760
        test_formatC:   0.90000
      test_plus_long:   0.50520
   test_percent_long:   0.58660
      test_join_long:   0.64540
    test_format_long:   1.03400
   test_formatC_long:   1.28020
     test_plus_long2:   0.95220
  test_percent_long2:   0.81580
     test_join_long2:   0.88400
   test_format_long2:   1.51500
  test_formatC_long2:   1.97160
```


In each scenario, I came up with the following conclusion

 * Concatenation seems to be one of the fastest method
 * Formatting using `%` is much faster than formatting with `format` function 

I believe `format` is much better than `%` (e.g. in [this question][2]) and `%` was almost deprecated. 

I have therefore several questions:

 1. Is `%` really faster than `format`?
 2. If so, why is that?
 3. Why is `&quot;{} {}&quot;.format(var1, var2)` more efficient than `&quot;{0.attribute1} {0.attribute2}&quot;.format(object)`?


---
For reference, I used the following code to measure the different timings.


    import time
    def timing(f, n, show, *args):
    	if show: print f.__name__ + &quot;:\t&quot;,
    	r = range(n/10)
    	t1 = time.clock()
    	for i in r:
    		f(*args); f(*args); f(*args); f(*args); f(*args); f(*args); f(*args); f(*args); f(*args); f(*args)
    	t2 = time.clock()
    	timing = round(t2-t1, 3)
    	if show: print timing
    	return timing
    	

    class values(object):
    	def __init__(self, a, b, c=&quot;&quot;, d=&quot;&quot;):
    		self.a = a
    		self.b = b
    		self.c = c
    		self.d = d
    
    	
    def test_plus(a, b):
    	return a + &quot;-&quot; + b
    
    def test_percent(a, b):
    	return &quot;%s-%s&quot; % (a, b)
    
    def test_join(a, b):
    	return &#39;&#39;.join([a, &#39;-&#39;, b])
    		
    def test_format(a, b):
    	return &quot;{}-{}&quot;.format(a, b)
    
    def test_formatC(val):
    	return &quot;{0.a}-{0.b}&quot;.format(val)

    	
    def test_plus_long(a, b, c, d):
    	return a + &quot;-&quot; + b + &quot;-&quot; + c + &quot;-&quot; + d
    
    def test_percent_long(a, b, c, d):
    	return &quot;%s-%s-%s-%s&quot; % (a, b, c, d)
    		
    def test_join_long(a, b, c, d):
    	return &#39;&#39;.join([a, &#39;-&#39;, b, &#39;-&#39;, c, &#39;-&#39;, d])
    	
    def test_format_long(a, b, c, d):
    	return &quot;{0}-{1}-{2}-{3}&quot;.format(a, b, c, d)
    
    def test_formatC_long(val):
    	return &quot;{0.a}-{0.b}-{0.c}-{0.d}&quot;.format(val)
   
    	
    def test_plus_long2(a, b, c, d):
    	return a + &quot;-&quot; + b + &quot;-&quot; + c + &quot;-&quot; + d + &quot;-&quot; + a + &quot;-&quot; + b + &quot;-&quot; + c + &quot;-&quot; + d
    
    def test_percent_long2(a, b, c, d):
    	return &quot;%s-%s-%s-%s-%s-%s-%s-%s&quot; % (a, b, c, d, a, b, c, d)
    	
    def test_join_long2(a, b, c, d):
    	return &#39;&#39;.join([a, &#39;-&#39;, b, &#39;-&#39;, c, &#39;-&#39;, d, &#39;-&#39;, a, &#39;-&#39;, b, &#39;-&#39;, c, &#39;-&#39;, d])
    			
    def test_format_long2(a, b, c, d):
    	return &quot;{0}-{1}-{2}-{3}-{0}-{1}-{2}-{3}&quot;.format(a, b, c, d)
    
    def test_formatC_long2(val):
    	return &quot;{0.a}-{0.b}-{0.c}-{0.d}-{0.a}-{0.b}-{0.c}-{0.d}&quot;.format(val)
    
    
    def test_plus_superlong(lst):
    	string = &quot;&quot;
    	for i in lst:
    		string += str(i)
    	return string
    	
    
    def test_join_superlong(lst):
    	return &quot;&quot;.join([str(i) for i in lst])
    	
    
    def mean(numbers):
        return float(sum(numbers)) / max(len(numbers), 1)
    		
    
    nb_times = int(1e6)
    n = xrange(5)
    lst_numbers = xrange(1000)
    from collections import defaultdict
    metrics = defaultdict(list)
    list_functions = [
    	test_plus, test_percent, test_join, test_format, test_formatC,
    	test_plus_long, test_percent_long, test_join_long, test_format_long, test_formatC_long,
    	test_plus_long2, test_percent_long2, test_join_long2, test_format_long2, test_formatC_long2,
    	# test_plus_superlong, test_join_superlong,
    ]
    val = values(&quot;123&quot;, &quot;456&quot;, &quot;789&quot;, &quot;0ab&quot;)
    for i in n:
    	for f in list_functions:
    		print &quot;.&quot;,
    		name = f.__name__
    		if &quot;formatC&quot; in name:
    			t = timing(f, nb_times, False, val)
    		elif &#39;_long&#39; in name:
    			t = timing(f, nb_times, False, &quot;123&quot;, &quot;456&quot;, &quot;789&quot;, &quot;0ab&quot;)
    		elif &#39;_superlong&#39; in name:
    			t = timing(f, nb_times, False, lst_numbers)
    		else:
    			t = timing(f, nb_times, False, &quot;123&quot;, &quot;456&quot;)
    		metrics[name].append(t) 
    
    # Get Average
    print &quot;\n===AVERAGE OF TIMINGS===&quot;
    for f in list_functions:
    	name = f.__name__
    	timings = metrics[name]
    	print &quot;{:&gt;20}:\t{:0.5f}&quot;.format(name, mean(timings))


  [2]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5082452/python-string-formatting-vs-format

Python string formatting: is &#39;%&#39; more efficient than &#39;format&#39; function?

I have prepared a from using ReactiveForms provided by angular2/forms. This form has a form array products:

    this.checkoutFormGroup = this.fb.group({
                selectedNominee: [&#39;&#39;, Validators.required],
                selectedBank: [&#39;&#39;, Validators.required],
                products: productFormGroupArray
            });

productFormGroupArray is a array of FormGroup Objects.I fetched the controls i.e. FormArray object using this:

    this.checkoutFormGroup.get(&#39;products&#39;)

I am trying to get the element in the products array at index `i`. How can this be done without looping through the array?

**Edit:**

I tried with at(index) method available:

    this.checkoutFormGroup.get(&#39;products&#39;).at(index)

but this is generating an error as:

    Property &#39;at&#39; does not exist on type &#39;AbstractControl&#39;.

**Edit 2:**
checkoutData and fund are received from server.
  
    this.checkoutData.products.forEach(product =&gt; {
                        this.fundFormGroupArray.push(this.fb.group({
                            investmentAmount: [this.fund.minInvestment, Validators.required],
                            selectedSubOption: [&#39;&#39;, Validators.required],
                        }))
                });

Angular 2: Accessing data from FormArray

I am a little confused about whether to use Laravel&#39;s [Notification][1] or [Mailable][2] class. From what I understand, Mailables are used to send only emails whereas Notifications can be used to send emails and sms. In my application, I dont have plans to send sms notifications for now, so I am confused if I should just use the Mailable class in this case. My questions are:

 1. If I am only going to be sending emails notifications, is it
    better for me to use Mailables instead of Notifications? 
   
 2. If each emails have different html layout, then would Mailable be
    the better option?
    
 3. Even if all emails are Notification emails in nature, does it still make
    sense to send them using Mailables instead of Notifications?

Can someone tell me the main difference between these 2 and how should we decide on which method to choose when sending emails in Laravel 5.3.


  [1]: https://laravel.com/docs/5.3/notifications
  [2]: https://laravel.com/docs/5.3/mail

Laravel 5.3 Notification Vs Mailable

I am a little confused about whether to use Laravel's <a href="https://laravel.com/docs/5.3/notifications" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Notification</a> or <a href="https://laravel.com/docs/5.3/mail" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mailable</a> class. From what I understand, Mailables are used to send only emails whereas Notifications can be used to send emails and sms. In my application, I dont have plans to send sms notifications for now, so I am confused if I should just use the Mailable class in this case. My questions are:
<ol>
<li>
If I am only going to be sending emails notifications, is it
better for me to use Mailables instead of Notifications?
</li>
<li>
If each emails have different html layout, then would Mailable be
the better option?
</li>
<li>
Even if all emails are Notification emails in nature, does it still make
sense to send them using Mailables instead of Notifications?
</li>
</ol>
Can someone tell me the main difference between these 2 and how should we decide on which method to choose when sending emails in Laravel 5.3.

I need to make my Ubuntu 16.04. Is there a way using the GUI or is the simplest way to do this by using terminal?

I have already installed PHP 7.1, MariaDB.

I need to enable:

 1. OpenSSL PHP Extension
 2. PDO PHP Extension
 3. Mbstring PHP Extension
 4. Tokenizer PHP Extension
 5. XML PHP Extension

How to install all required PHP extensions for Laravel?

Per [laravel doc](https://laravel.com/docs/5.3/routing#route-groups), I can add the `auth` middleware as follows:

    Route::group([&#39;middleware&#39; =&gt; &#39;auth&#39;], function () {
        Route::get(&#39;/&#39;, function ()    {
            // Uses Auth Middleware
        });
    
        Route::get(&#39;user/profile&#39;, function () {
            // Uses Auth Middleware
        });
    });

I&#39;ve also seen middleware added as follows:
 
    Route::group([&#39;middleware&#39; =&gt; [&#39;web&#39;]], function() {
      // Uses all Middleware $middlewareGroups[&#39;web&#39;] located in /app/Http/kernel.php?
      Route::resource(&#39;blog&#39;,&#39;BlogController&#39;); //Make a CRUD controller
    });


How can I do both?

PS.  Any comments providing insight on what the bottom four lines of code are doing would be appreciated

Adding multiple middleware to Laravel route

I want to use WhereIn and Groupby in the same query to fetch Result.

I&#39;ve tried this:

    $loadids=explode(&quot;#@*&quot;,$reciptdet-&gt;loading_id);
	$loadingdatas=DB::table(&#39;loading&#39;)-&gt;groupBy(&#39;vehicle_no&#39;)-&gt;whereIn(&#39;id&#39;,$loadids)-&gt;get();

But I got this error message:

&gt;SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1055 &#39;sbrtpt.loading.id&#39; isn&#39;t in GROUP BY (SQL: select * from loading where id in (14, 15, 16) group by vehicle_no)

Laravel : Syntax error or access violation: 1055 Error

I am trying to extract objects from Model &quot;Users&quot; whose `created_at` date has been more than **30 days from today**.

Carbon::now() ==&gt; I want as ==&gt; Carbon::now() - 30days


    $users = Users::where(&#39;status_id&#39;, &#39;active&#39;)
                   -&gt;where( &#39;created_at&#39;, &#39;&lt;&#39;, Carbon::now())
                   -&gt;get();

How can this be achieved ?

Laravel Carbon subtract days from current date

    use App\Order;
     
    public function show(Order $order) {
        $data = $order-&gt;all();
        return dd($order-&gt;getQueryLog());


Is there any way to display the query built by Eloquent in Laravel?

I tried `getQueryLog();` but its not working

Laravel Eloquent display query log

I am trying to get a record from a `posts` database table using its id. I&#39;ve been banging my head on the find() method for quite sometime now, confused as to why it wasn&#39;t working. Here is my query that looks correct to me but didn&#39;t work:

    $post = Post::find($id);
    $post-&gt;delete();

Reluctantly i did this:

    $post = Post::where(&#39;id&#39;, $id);
    $post-&gt;delete();

and surprisingly enough, it worked but I have no idea how. 

I also know that unlike `find()`,  `where()` is a query builder and so I could also use it like this:
`Post::where(&#39;id&#39;, $id)-&gt;first()`

Any ideas about the difference in the way the methods work?




Eloquent: find() and where() usage laravel

I&#39;m using Laravel 5.3 to validate start_date and end_date for an event.
end_date should be equal to start_date or the after date. `end_date &gt;= start_date`

    $validator = Validator::make($data, [
        &#39;start_date&#39; 	=&gt; &#39;required|date&#39;,
        &#39;end_date&#39; 		=&gt; &#39;required|date|after:start_date&#39;,
    ]);


I tried to use **after**, but it only works for end_date &gt; start_date.
Of course, I can add custom rule using `Validator::extend`, but I&#39;d like to know if we can do without adding custom rule.

Is there any way to add negative rule or add &gt;= rule?

Thanks

Laravel 5.3 date validator: equal to or after start_date

I am rather new to laravel. I have a basic question, What is the best way to add constants in laravel. 
I know the .env method that we use to add the constants. 
Also I have made one constants file to use them for my project. 
For example:

    define(&#39;OPTION_ATTACHMENT&#39;, 13);
    define(&#39;OPTION_EMAIL&#39;, 14);
    define(&#39;OPTION_MONETERY&#39;, 15);
    define(&#39;OPTION_RATINGS&#39;, 16);
    define(&#39;OPTION_TEXTAREA&#39;, 17);

And so on. It can reach upto 100 or more records. So What should be the best approach to write the constants. The .env method. Or adding the constant.php file?

Thanks 

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Neel	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Laravel	patricus	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Laravel	Juliatzin	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Laravel 5.3 Notification Vs Mailable

Laravel Problem Overview

Laravel Solutions

Solution 1 - Laravel

Solution 2 - Laravel

Angular 2: Accessing data from FormArray

Python string formatting: is '%' more efficient than 'format' function?

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