Regular expression to match string starting with a specific word
RegexRegex Problem Overview
How do I create a regular expression to match a word at the beginning of a string?
We are looking to match stop at the beginning of a string and anything can follow it.
For example, the expression should match:
stop
stop random
stopping
Regex Solutions
Solution 1 - Regex
If you wish to match only lines beginning with stop, use
^stop
If you wish to match lines beginning with the word stop followed by a space:
^stop\s
Or, if you wish to match lines beginning with the word stop, but followed by either a space or any other non-word character you can use (your regex flavor permitting)
^stop\W
On the other hand, what follows matches a word at the beginning of a string on most regex flavors (in these flavors \w matches the opposite of \W)
^\w
If your flavor does not have the \w shortcut, you can use
^[a-zA-Z0-9]+
Be wary that this second idiom will only match letters and numbers, no symbol whatsoever.
Check your regex flavor manual to know what shortcuts are allowed and what exactly do they match (and how do they deal with Unicode).
Solution 2 - Regex
Try this:
/^stop.*$/
Explanation:
- / charachters delimit the regular expression (i.e. they are not part of the Regex per se)
- ^ means match at the beginning of the line
- . followed by * means match any character (.), any number of times (*)
- $ means to the end of the line
If you would like to enforce that stop be followed by a whitespace, you could modify the RegEx like so:
/^stop\s+.*$/
- \s means any whitespace character
- + following the \s means there has to be at least one whitespace character following after the stop word
Note: Also keep in mind that the RegEx above requires that the stop word be followed by a space! So it wouldn't match a line that only contains: stop
Solution 3 - Regex
If you want to match anything after a word, stop, and not only at the start of the line, you may use: \bstop.*\b - word followed by a line.
Or if you want to match the word in the string, use \bstop[a-zA-Z]* - only the words starting with stop.
Or the start of lines with stop - ^stop[a-zA-Z]* for the word only - first word only.
The whole line ^stop.* - first line of the string only.
And if you want to match every string starting with stop, including newlines, use: /^stop.*/s - multiline string starting with stop.
Solution 4 - Regex
Like @SharadHolani said. This won't match every word beginning with "stop"
. Only if it's at the beginning of a line like "stop going". @Waxo gave the right answer:
This one is slightly better, if you want to match any word beginning with "stop" and containing nothing but letters from A to Z.
\bstop[a-zA-Z]*\b
This would match all
> stop (1) > > stop random (2) > > stopping (3) > > want to stop (4) > > please stop (5)
But
/^stop[a-zA-Z]*/
would only match (1) until (3), but not (4) & (5)
Solution 5 - Regex
/stop([a-zA-Z])+/
Will match any stop word (stop, stopped, stopping, etc)
However, if you just want to match "stop" at the start of a string
/^stop/
will do :D
Solution 6 - Regex
If you want to match anything that starts with "stop" including "stop going", "stop" and "stopping" use:
^stop
If you want to match the word stop followed by anything as in "stop going", "stop this", but not "stopped" and not "stopping" use:
^stop\W
Solution 7 - Regex
If you want the word to start with "stop", you can use the following pattern. "^stop.*"
This will match words starting with stop followed by anything.
Solution 8 - Regex
/^stop*$/i
i - in case it is case sensitive.
Solution 9 - Regex
I'd advise against a simple regular expression approach to this problem. There are too many words that are substrings of other unrelated words, and you'll probably drive yourself crazy trying to overadapt the simpler solutions already provided.
You'll want at least a naive stemming algorithm (try the Porter stemmer; there's available, free code in most languages) to process text first. Keep this processed text and the preprocessed text in two separate space-split arrays. Make sure each non-alphabetical character also gets its own index in this array. Whatever list of words you're filtering, stem them also.
The next step would be to find the array indices which match to your list of stemmed 'stop' words. Remove those from the unprocessed array, and then rejoin on spaces.
This is only slightly more complicated, but will be much more reliable an approach. If you've got any doubts on the value of a more NLP-oriented approach, you might want to do some research into http://thedailywtf.com/Articles/The-Clbuttic-Mistake-.aspx">clbuttic mistakes.